Pet owner educational Atlas. Dermatology

1. Anatomy of the skin and hair

Healthy skin cross-section

Structure of the hair follicle

Skin barrier

Characteristics of the nail. Trimming technique

2. Physiopathology of the skin and hair

Stages of wound healing

Good against poor wound healing

Primary lesions:

Macule

Papule

Plaque

Pustule

Vesicle

Nodule

Tumour

Cyst

Bite

Wart

Lesions that can be primary and secondary:

Scale

Alopecia

Crust

Ulcer

Erosion

Follicular cast

Blackhead

Alteration of pigmentation

Secondary lesions:

Blackhead

Epidermal collarette

Scar

Fissure

Excoriation

Lichenification

Erosion

Callus (hyperkeratosis)

Diseases of the hair follicle

Types of alopecia: inflammatory and non-inflammatory

Characteristics of pruritus

3. Medical and surgical treatments

Types of wounds:

Cuts

Puncture wounds

Contusions

Lacerations/avulsions

Abrasions

Bites

Gunshot wounds

Types of burns:

First-degree burn

Second-degree burn

Third-degree burn

Dressings. Moist healing

Procedures to avoid skin tension (I). Relaxing incisions:

Simple

Multiple

Punctate incisions

Z, V and Y-plasties

Procedures to avoid skin tension (II). Suture patterns:

Walking suture

Subdermal suture

Relaxation suture

Local, distant and axial flaps

4. Diseases of the skin

Parasites

FAD. Flea-Allergy Dermatitis

How ticks bite and attach to the skin

Types of manges (I): Sarcoptes, Cheyletiella and Otodectes

Types of manges (II): Demodex

Mosquito bite and transmission of diseases

Miasis larvaria

Fungi and yeasts

Dermatophytosis: Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton

Cutaneous mycoses

Dermatitis caused by Malassezia

Bacterial infection

Pyotraumatic dermatitis, acute moist dermatitis or hot spot

Deep and superficial pyoderma

Mucocutaneous pyoderma and epitheliotropic lymphoma

Sebaceous adenitis

Infectious and sterile panniculitis

Skin folds (I). Lip fold dermatitis and its surgical resolution

Skin folds (II). Tail fold dermatitis and its surgical resolution

Eyes and ears

Entropion and resolution

Ectropion and resolution

Normal ear. Correct cleaning and washing procedure

External otitis. Ear exudate smears

Otitis media and interna

Ear haematoma. Types of resolution

Neoplasms

Nodules. Inflammatory or neoplastic process?

Fibrosarcoma and surgical resolution with wide safety margins

Mastocytoma and metastases

Squamous cell carcinoma

Mammary tumour

Miscellaneous

Frequent foot pad disorders

Interdigital fistula caused by a foreign body

(splinters)

Anal sac diseases

Dental fistula

Pemphigus foliaceus. Autoimmune mechanism

Allergies and atopies

Anaphylactic reaction. Angioedema

Endocrine diseases

Kerato-seborrheic disorders